About The Cochrane Library

The Cochrane Library is a collection of six databases that contain different types of high-quality, independent evidence to inform healthcare decision-making, and a seventh database that provides information about groups in The Cochrane Collaboration.

Editor in Chief

Dr David Tovey is the first Editor in Chief of The Cochrane Library (since 2009) and oversees the CDSR content.

Dr Tovey is based in the Cochrane Editorial Unit, along with Harriet MacLehose (Senior Editor) and Toby Lasserson (Senior Editor), Rachel Marshall (Editor), John Hilton (Editor), and Ruth Foxlee (Information Specialist). You can contact the Editor in Chief via email at editorial-unit@cochrane.org. Other contact details are available on the Cochrane Editorial Unit website.

Publisher

John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. publishes The Cochrane Library. Deborah Pentesco-Gilbert, publisher, can be contacted at:

John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK. Email: dpentesc@wiley.com.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) is the leading resource for systematic reviews in health care.

The CDSR includes all Cochrane Reviews (and protocols) prepared by Cochrane Review Groups in The Cochrane Collaboration. Each Cochrane Review is a peer-reviewed systematic review that has been prepared and supervised by a Cochrane Review Group (editorial team) in The Cochrane Collaboration according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions or Cochrane Handbook for Diagnostic Test Accuracy Reviews. Find out more about Cochrane Reviews and Protocols.

Impact factor

The 2011 Impact Factor for the CDSR was announced as 5.912. The CDSR is ranked in the Top Ten of the Journal Citation Reports® (JCR) "Medicine, General & Internal" category. Download a fact sheet for the 2011 CDSR Impact Factor here. For the 2010 CDSR Impact Factor click here or for the 2009 CDSR Impact Factor click here. 

If you are interested in attending an Impact Factor Webinar, please contact Gavin Stewart gstewart@wiley.com  +44 (0)1243 770 686.

Cochrane Review Groups

The Cochrane Reviews in the CDSR are prepared by authors who register titles with one of the 53 Cochrane Review Groups. Each Cochrane Review Groups focuses on a specific topic area and is led by a Co-ordinating Editor(s) and an editorial team including a Managing Editor and Trials Search Co-ordinator. The Cochrane Review Groups provide authors with methodological and editorial support to prepare Cochrane Reviews, and manage the editorial process, including peer review.

Cochrane Review Group Co-ordinating Editor(s) Contact
Acute Respiratory Infections Prof Chris Del Mar,
Anne GM Schilder		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Airways Dr Chris Cates Website | Details in 'About' database
Anaesthesia Prof Anne Merete Møller,
Prof Nathan Pace		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Back Dr Claire Bombardier,
Prof Maurits W van Tulder		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Dr Helen HG Handoll Website | Details in 'About' database
Breast Cancer Dr Nicholas Wilcken Website | Details in 'About' database
Childhood Cancer Dr Leontien CM Kremer, Dr Elvira van Dalen Website | Details in 'About' database
Colorectal Cancer Prof Richard L Nelson,
Peer Wille-Jørgensen		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Consumers and Communication Dr Sophie Hill Website | Details in 'About' database
Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Dr Alan R Smyth Website | Details in 'About' database
Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Dr Jenny McCleery,
Dr Rupert McShane		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Dr Rachel Churchill Website | Details in 'About' database
Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems Prof Geraldine Macdonald Website | Details in 'About' database
Drugs and Alcohol Dr Marina Davoli Website | Details in 'About' database
Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Mr Martin J Burton Website | Details in 'About' database
Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Prof Jeremy Grimshaw Website | Details in 'About' database
Epilepsy Prof Anthony G Marson Website | Details in 'About' database
Eyes and Vision Mr Richard Wormald Website | Details in 'About' database
Fertility Regulation Prof Frans M Helmerhorst Website | Details in 'About' database
Gyneacological Cancer Dr Chris Williams,
Dr Jo Morrison		 Website | Details in 'About' database
HIV/AIDS Dr George W Rutherford,
Dr Nandi Siegfried		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Haematological Malignancies Prof Andreas Engert,
Dr Nicole Skoetz		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Heart Dr Juan-Pablo Casas,
Prof Shah Ebrahim		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Hepato-Biliary Dr Christian Gluud Website | Details in 'About' database
Hypertension Dr James M Wright Website | Details in 'About' database
Incontinence Prof Cathryn MA Glazener,
Prof  James MO N'Dow		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Infectious Diseases Prof Paul Garner,
Dr David Sinclair		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Functional Bowel Disorders Dr Brian G Feagan Website | Details in 'About' database
Injuries Dr Pablo Perel,
Prof Ian Roberts		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Lung Cancer Dr Fergus MacBeth,
Dr Sera Tort		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Prof Cindy Farquhar Website | Details in 'About' database
Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Prof Bernd Richter Website | Details in 'About' database
Methodology Review Prof Mike J Clarke,
Dr Andrew D Oxman		 Details in 'About' database
Movement Disorders Prof Cristina Sampaio Website | Details in 'About' database
Multiple Sclerosis and Rare Diseases of the Central Nervous System Dr Graziella Filippini Website | Details in 'About' database
Musculoskeletal Prof Rachelle Buchbinder,
Dr Peter Tugwell		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Neonatal Dr Roger Soll Website | Details in 'About' database
Neuromuscular Disease Dr Michael PT Lunn,
Dr Rosaline Quinlivan		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Occupational Safety and Health Dr Jos Verbeek Website | Details in 'About' database
Oral Health Prof Jan E Clarkson,
Prof Helen V Worthington		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care Prof Christopher Eccleston Website | Details in 'About' database
Peripheral Vascular Diseases Dr Jackie Price,
Prof Gerry Stansby		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Pregnancy and Childbirth Prof Zarko Alfirevic,
Prof James P Neilson		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Prostatic Diseases and Urologic Cancers Dr Philipp Dahm,
Prof Howard G Kynaston (Cardiff satellite),
Prof Malcolm Mason (Cardiff satellite)		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Public Health Prof Elizabeth Waters Website | Details in 'About' database
Renal Prof Jonathan C Craig,
Dr Angela C Webster		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Schizophrenia Prof Clive E Adams Website | Details in 'About' database
Sexually Transmitted Infections Dr Hernando G Gaitán Website | Details in 'About' database
Skin Prof Hywel C Williams Website | Details in 'About' database
Stroke Peter Langhorne Website | Details in 'About' database
Tobacco Addiction Dr Tim Lancaster Website | Details in 'About' database
Upper Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Diseases Dr Grigorios I Leontiadis,
Prof Paul Moayyedi		 Website | Details in 'About' database
Wounds Prof Nicky A Cullum Website | Details in 'About' database

Publication Frequency

The Cochrane Library databases CDSR, Central & About are published monthly. DARE, CMR, HTA & EED are published quarterly with the DVDs, according to a regular schedule.


Access


All Cochrane Reviews are published in the CDSR. The CDSR is published online monthly with quarterly DVDs. As outlined on the access page, access is free for many people in low-income and middle-income countries via a number of initiatives. This is in addition to general access options, including national licenses (eg such as in the United Kingdom) and subscriptions.


For authors


Authors of registered Cochrane Reviews should contact their Cochrane Review Group for support, information about editorial processes, and information about editorial deadlines.


Authors interested in preparing a Cochrane Review should contact the Cochrane Review Group that covers the area of interest for information about the registration process. Prospective authors should first browse the CDSR to identify whether the topic of interest is already covered by an ongoing protocol or review.
View “How to prepare a Cochrane Review” for further information, including author resources and training information.

History and milestones

1972                Publication of Archie Cochrane's 'Effectiveness and Efficiency: random reflections on health services' , which drew attention to our collective ignorance about the effects of health care
1974 Identification of controlled trials in perinatal medicine begins in Cardiff, Wales, UK
1979 Archie Cochrane publishes an essay in which he suggests that "It is surely a great criticism of our profession that we have not organised a critical summary, by specialty or subspecialty, adapted periodically, of all relevant randomised controlled trials." He also designates obstetrics the least scientific medical specialty
1985 Publication of classified bibliography of 3500 reports of controlled trials in perinatal medicine published between 1940 and 1984
1989 to 1992 Maintenance of systematic reviews of controlled trials of perinatal care in six-monthly disk issues of an electronic journal, The Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials (ODPT)
October 1992 The first Cochrane Centre opened (in the UK) and the first Cochrane Review Groups were registered (Pregnancy and Childbirth Group, and the Subfertility Group)
April 1993 Update Software reissues The Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials (ODPT) as a redesigned pilot electronic journal entitled The Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Database (CCPC)
August 1993 Formal launch of The Cochrane Collaboration at the 1st Cochrane Colloquium, in Oxford, UK
October 1994 First public demonstration of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), designed and published by Update Software
February 1995 CDSR launched in London by the English Minister for Health
March 1996 The Cochrane Library launched by Update Software as a quarterly publication on CD-ROM and disk, incorporating the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and Cochrane Review Methodology Database
August 1996 CDSR available on the World Wide Web
April 1997 Electronic Comments and Criticisms System launched within the CDSR
January 2001 One thousandth Cochrane Review published
April 2002 The Cochrane Library made free at the point of use, under the HINARI programme
October 2002 John Wiley and Sons Limited publish The Cochrane Library
October 2003 Launch of La Cochrane Library Plus en español
June 2008 First impact factor: 4.654 for 2007; ranked 14 out of 100 worldwide journals in the Medicine, General and Internal category
January 2009 First Editor in Chief of The Cochrane Library, Dr David Tovey
Number of published Cochrane Reviews and Protocols reaches 5676 in Issue 1, 2009
January 2010

CDSR moves to monthly publication
August 2011 Cochrane Reviews have new online 'Look and Feel'
January 2012 Cochrane CENTRAL moves to monthly publication
September 2012 'New Search' functionality released for global usage.

How to submit comments and feedback

Feedback on individual Cochrane Reviews is welcomed, and there is a dedicated process for this. Readers of a review or protocol can do this by clicking on the “submit comments” button, under ARTICLE TOOLS, on the right-hand side of the review.

Number of included protocols and reviews

As of April Issue4, 2013, the CDSR includes 7825 records: 5484 reviews; and 2341 protocols. APRIL Issue includes 35 new reviews, updated reviews include 43 with a new search and 9 with changed conclusions, 45 new protocols, with 8 updated protocols. There was also 2 withdrawn reviews, 12 withdrawn protocols. Totalling 201 withdrawls in CDSR.

Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects

The Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE) is the only database to contain abstracts of systematic reviews that have been quality-assessed. Each abstract includes a summary of the review together with a critical commentary about the overall quality.

DARE is a key resource for busy decision-makers and can be used for answering questions about the effects of specific interventions, whether such questions arise from practice or when making policy. DARE covers a broad range of health related interventions and thousands of abstracts of reviews in fields as diverse as diagnostic tests, public health, health promotion, pharmacology, surgery, psychology, and the organization and delivery of health care.

DARE complements the CDSR by quality-assessing and summarizing reviews that have not yet been carried out by The Cochrane Collaboration.

DARE is produced by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) at the University of York, UK.


Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials


The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) includes details of published articles taken from bibliographic databases (notably MEDLINE and EMBASE), and other published and unpublished sources. CENTRAL records include the title of the article, information on where it was published (bibliographic details) and, in many cases, a summary of the article. They do not contain the full text of the article.

About three-fifths of the records in CENTRAL are taken from MEDLINE. Also, each Cochrane Review Group maintains and updates a collection of controlled trials relevant to its own area of interest, these are called ‘Specialized Registers’. Each Cochrane Review Group may also collect items that are not relevant to its own field of interest; these are known as ‘Handsearch Results’.

All Cochrane Review Groups’ Specialized Registers, the handsearch results register, relevant records retrieved from MEDLINE, and relevant records retrieved from EMBASE, are merged as described here and published as CENTRAL.

The Publishers, John Wiley & Sons Ltd acknowledges the contribution made by Elsevier to CENTRAL by the provision of EMBASE records (Copyright © 2008 Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam. All Rights Reserved). EMBASE records can be identified by a sole EMBASE ID in the Accession Number field. Wiley also thanks Update Software for the continued use of their data formats in CENTRAL.


Cochrane Methodology Register (UNDER REVIEW)


The Cochrane Methodology Register (CMR)* is a bibliography of publications that report on methods used in the conduct of controlled trials. It includes journal articles, books, and conference proceedings, and the content is sourced from MEDLINE and hand searches. CMR contains studies of methods used in reviews and more general methodological studies that could be relevant to anyone preparing systematic reviews. CMR records contain the title of the article, information on where it was published (bibliographic details), and, in some cases, a summary of the article. They do not contain the full text of the article.


The CMR was produced by the UK Cochrane Centre, until 31st May 2012. The future of the CMR is now currently under review and is not receiving updates. The last Issue with updated was in July 2012. For further information on the status of the CMR please contact Jackie Chandler (Methods co-ordinator) jchandler@cochrane.org. 

Further information on using CMR can be viewed here.

The Publishers, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, thanks Update Software for the continued use of their data formats in the Cochrane Methodology Register (CMR).

*Under review, last update incorporated into the July issue


Health Technology Assessment Database


The Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Database brings together details of completed and ongoing health technology assessments (studies of the medical, social, ethical, and economic implications of healthcare interventions) from around the world. The aim of the HTA Database is to improve the quality and cost-effectiveness of health care.


The HTA database is produced by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) at the University of York, UK, using information obtained from members of International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA) and other health technology assessment organizations.


NHS Economic Evaluation Database


As healthcare resources are finite, information about both costs and effects are essential to making evidence-based decisions about competing healthcare interventions. But information about cost-effectiveness can be difficult to identify, appraise and interpret.


The NHS Economic Evaluation Database (EED) assists decision-makers by systematically identifying economic evaluations from around the world, appraising their quality, and highlighting their relative strengths and weaknesses.


NHS EED is produced by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) at the University of York, UK.


About The Cochrane Collaboration database


The About The Cochrane Collaboration database contains information on the 81 groups (Issue 4, 2013) that make up The Cochrane Collaboration.

You will find contacts and information on the aims and scope of the Cochrane Review Groups, Methods Groups, Fields, and Networks, along with details of your nearest Cochrane Centre as well as the Cochrane Editorial Unit and the Cochrane Operational Unit.


The Publishers, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, thanks Update Software for the continued use of their data formats for other Cochrane groups (other than Cochrane Review Groups) in this database.

Number of published articles in the cochrane library

All Databases: total
Database Year Of Earliest Record  Total published
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews* 2005 7825
Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects 1994 22619
Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials 1898 692036
Cochrane Methodology Register 1951 15764`
Health Technology Assessment Database 1989 12049``
NHS Economic Evaluation Database 1968 13913
About The Cochrane Collaboration** 2004 81
Editorials 2010 56

* Comprises 5484 full reviews and 2341 protocols. The April Issue4 2013, contained 35 new reviews, 43 updated reviews (with 9 changed conclusions), 45 new protocols, and 8 updated protocols. Two reviews and 8 protocols were withdrawn in this issue, totalling 201 withdrawn reviews.

** The Cochrane Collaboration: 1; Cochrane Editorial Unit: 1; Cochrane Review Groups (CRGs): 53; Fields: 12; Methods Groups: 16. There are also 14 Centres (some with specific Branches). Links to their individual websites can be found here.

` The CMR database is currently not being updated as from the 31st May due to lack of funding for core activity. It is no longer supported by the UKCC. The plan is to draw together interested individuals to review the current format and focus of this database and consider options to take it forward. If this is of particular interest please contact Jackie chandler jchandler@cochrane.org

``The CRD has advised us that due to a technical error they have been unable to supply the complete database to us for publication. This data will be update in the next issue.

Cochrane database of systematic reviews: in 2012 -2013

Published Articles Iss 2 Iss 3 Iss 4 Iss 5 Iss 6 Iss 7 Iss 8 Iss 9 Iss 10 Iss 11 Iss 12 Iss 1 Iss 2 Iss 3 Iss 4
New reviews 49 32 34 29 28 29 37 54 36 44 50 30 36 31 35
Updated reviews 43 35 40 43 48 29 40 56 41 41 68 40 53 42 43
   New search 40 28 32 31 39 25 32 44 36 33 50 33 38 34 34
   Conclusions changed 3 7 8 12 9* 4 8 12 5 8 18 7 15 8 9
New protocols 67 74 66 59 42 68 44 70 48 72 39 47 77 46 45
Updated protocols 11 0 12 15 3 10 12 9 5 2 0 0 17 9 8
Withdrawn reviews 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 2 1 0 0 1 2 5 2
Withdrawn protocols 5 4 14 20 4 5 4 5 6 6 1 8 4 8 12
Total in CDSR 7092 7163 7227 7272 7296 7366 7404 7481 7530 7590 7626 7637 7773 7819 7825

*Amended to include a Change of Conclusion review, without a new search, following feedback/ comment.

TOP 20 Cochrane database of systematic reviews in 2011. (IN RANK ORDER)

Review Title

Authors

First Published

Interventions for preventing obesity in children.
Waters E, de Silva-Sanigorski A, Hall BJ, Brown T, Campbell KJ, Gao Y, Armstrong R, Prosser L, Summerbell CD
Issue 1, 2001

Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Taylor F, Ward K, Moore THM, Burke M, Davey Smith G, Casas JP, Ebrahim S
Issue 1, 2011

Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community.
Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, Lamb SE, Gates S, Cumming RG, Rowe BH
Issue 2, 2009

Interventions for treating obesity in children.
Oude Luttikhuis H, Baur L, Jansen H, Shrewsbury VA, O'Malley C, Stolk RP, Summerbell CD
Issue 3, 2003

Zinc for the common cold.
Singh M, Das RR
Issue 2, 1999

Support surfaces for pressure ulcer prevention.
McInnes E, Jammali-Blasi A, Bell-Syer SEM, Dumville JC, Cullum N
Issue 2, 2000

Interventions for preventing falls in older people in nursing care facilities and hospitals.
Cameron ID, Murray GR, Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Hill KD, Cumming RG, Kerse N
Issue 1, 2010

Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people.
Gillespie LD, Gillespie WJ, Robertson MC, Lamb SE, Cumming RG, Rowe BH
Issue 4, 1997

Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care.
Gould DJ, Moralejo D, Drey N, Chudleigh JH
Issue 2, 2007

Discharge planning from hospital to home.
Shepperd S, McClaran J, Phillips CO, Lannin NA, Clemson LM, McCluskey A, Cameron ID, Barras SL
 Issue 4, 2000

Adverse effects of biologics: a network meta-analysis and Cochrane overview.
Singh JA, Wells GA, Christensen R, Tanjong Ghogomu E, Maxwell L, MacDonald JK, Filippini G, Skoetz N, Francis DK, Lopes LC, Guyatt GH, Schmitt J, La Mantia L, Weberschock T, Roos JF, Siebert H, Hershan S, Cameron C, Lunn MPT, Tugwell P, Buchbinder R
Issue 2, 2011

Screening for breast cancer with mammography.
Gøtzsche PC, Nielsen M
Issue 4, 2001

Interprofessional collaboration: effects of practice-based interventions on professional practice and healthcare outcomes.
Zwarenstein M, Goldman J, Reeves S
Issue 2, 1997

Interventions for enhancing medication adherence.
Haynes RB, Ackloo E, Sahota N, McDonald HP, Yao X
Issue 3, 1999

Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants.
Moore ER, Anderson GC, Bergman N, Dowswell T
Issue 2, 2003

Exercise for depression.
Rimer J, Dwan K, Lawlor DA, Greig CA, McMurdo M, Morley W, Mead GE
Issue 1, 2004

Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures.
Katalinic OM, Harvey LA, Herbert RD, Moseley AM, Lannin NA, Schurr K
Issue 9, 2010

Midwife-led versus other models of care for childbearing women.
Hatem M, Sandall J, Devane D, Soltani H, Gates S
Issue 4, 2008

Colloids versus crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients.
Perel P, Roberts I
Issue 4, 1997

Exercise for improving balance in older people.
Howe TE, Rochester L, Neil F, Skelton DA, Ballinger C
Issue 4, 2007

The Cochrane Library - Independent high-quality evidence for health care decision making

from The Cochrane Collaboration

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